ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION AND SUSTAINABILITY
Syllabus
Unit 1 :- Environment and climate change
Unit 2 :- Sustainability and Renewable Resources
Unit 3 :- Ecosystem and Biodiversity
Unit 4 :- Environmental Pollution
Unit 5 :- Enviornmental legislation and sustainable practices
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MCQ Questions and Answers
Unit 1 - Environment and climate change
1. Enviromental Education is important only at __________ .
a) Primary school stage
b) Secondary school stage
c) college stage
d) all stages
Ans. d) all stages
2. Biosphere is _______ .
a) The solid shell of inorganic materials on the surface of the earth
b) The thin shell of organic matter on the surface of earth comprising of all the living things
c) The sphere which occupies the maximum volume of all the spheres
d) All of the above
Ans. d) All of the above
3. Which of the following is not influenced by human activities ?
a) Depletion of ground water
b) Destruction of mangroves and wetlands
c) Increased extinction rate of species
d) None of the above
Ans. d) None of the above
4. Which of the following conceptual sphere of the environment is having the least storage capacity for matter ?
a) Atmosphere
b) Lithosphere
c) Hydrosphere
d) Biosphere
Ans. a) Atmosphere
5. The largest reservoir of nitrogen an our planet is
a) Ocean
b) atmosphere
c) Biosphere
d) Fossil Fuels
Ans. b) atmosphere
6. The world Environment derived from French word
a) Environ
b) Environnering
c) E - Environner
d) Envo
Ans. a) Environ
7. ________ is greenhouse gas.
a) CO2
b) H2S
c) N2
d) None of the above
Ans. a) CO2
8. _________ cause acid rain.
a) CO2
b) SO2
c) N2
d) None of the above
Ans. b) SO2
9. Ozone depletion is harmful to _______ .
a) Digestion
b) Reproduction
c) Skin
d) None of the above
Ans. c) Skin
10. All the environment crisis are solely due to ______ .
a) Population
b) Water Quality
c) Air Quality
d) None of the above
Ans. a) Population
11. The environment consists of various segments such as Atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere and ________ .
a) Hemisphere
b) O2 sphere
c) Soil sphere
d) Biosphere
Ans. d) Biosphere
12. The _______ is the protective blanket of gases which is surrounding the earth. It protects the earth from the hostile environment of outer space.
a) Hemisphere
b) Atmosphere
c) Lithosphere
d) Biosphere
Ans. b) Atmosphere
13. _________ of the total water supply is available as fresh water in the form of rivers, lakes, streams and ground water for humans consumption and other uses.
a) 1%
b) 2%
c) 3%
d) 4%
Ans. a) 1%
14. The lithosphere consists of upper mantle and the ______ .
a) atmosphere
b) crust
c) thrust
d) none of the above
Ans. b) crust
15. Atmosphere allows transmission of significant amounts of radiations only in the regions of _______
a) 100 - 200 nm
b) 200 - 500 nm
c) 300 - 2500 nm
d) None of the above
Ans. c) 300 - 2500 nm
16. Atmosphere acts as a source for _______ for plant photosynthesis and _______ for respiration.
a) O2 and CO2
b) NO2 and CO2
c) CO2 and N2
d) CO2 and O2
Ans. d) CO2 and O2
17. ________ acts as a source for nitrogen fixing bacteria and ammonia producing plants.
a) Atmosphere
b) Lithosphere
c) Hydrosphere
d) Nanosphere
Ans. a) Atmosphere
18. The ________ is a collective term given to all different forms of water.
a) Atmosphere
b) Lithosphere
c) Hydrosphere
d) Nanosphere
Ans. c) Hydrosphere
19. The ________ refers to the kingdom of living organisms and their interactions with the environment.
a) Atmosphere
b) Lithosphere
c) Hydrosphere
d) Biosphere
Ans. d) Biosphere
20. The biosphere is very large and complex and is divided into smaller units called ________ .
a) Organisms
b) Ecosystems
c) Module
d) None of these
Ans. b) Ecosystems
21. ________ is a natural process that warms the earth's surface.
a) Greenhouse effect
b) Global warming
c) Deforestation
d) None of these
Ans. a) Greenhouse effect
22. How is the greenhouse effect experienced on earth ?
a) Global warming
b) Pollution
c) Both a and b
d) None of the above
Ans. a) Global warming
23. Which of the following gases is/are responsible for global warming ?
a) Carbon dioxide (CO2)
b) Water vapour (H2O)
c)Both a and b
d) None of the above
Ans. c) Both a and b
24. In desert areas, there is large difference between day and night temperatures mainly because of
a) Presence of carbon dioxide in air as it acts as barrier for emanating infrared radiation from the earth surface
b) Presence of water vapour in air as it acts as barrier for emanating infrared radiation from earth surface
c) Absense of carbon dioxide in air as it acts as barrier for emanating infrared radiation from the earth surface
d) Absense of water vapour in air as it acts as barrier for emanating infrared radiation from the earth surface
Ans. d) Absense of water vapour in air as it acts as barrier for emanating infrared radiation from the earth surface
25. The radiation energy from the sun is produced by
a) Fission reaction
b) Fusion reaction
c) Both a and b
d) None of the above
Ans. b) Fusion reaction
26. Which of the following mentioned GHGs has the highest atmospheric lifetime ?
a) Carbon tetrefluoride
b) Nitrous oxide
c) Methane
d) CFC
Ans. a) Carbon tetrefluoride
27. Which of these following causes the sea level change over flooding due to process of melting of snow ?
a) Global warming
b) Ozone layer
c) Both a and b
d) None of the these
Ans. c) Both a and b
28. Which of them can be recycled ?
a) Paper
b) Plastic
c) Metal
d) All of these
Ans. d) All of these
29. O3 is known as ________ .
a) Atmosphere
b) Ozone
c) Oxygen
d) All of these
Ans. b) Ozone
30. Ozone get rupture by reaction of NOx with _______ .
a) Sunlight
b) Water
c) Volatile organic compounds
d) None
Ans. c) Volatile organic compounds
31. Which gas gets deposited in lower layer of atmosphere due to decomposition of organic matter ?
a) Methane
b) Ethane
c) Nitrogen
d) None of these
Ans. a) Methane
32. Third world war have impact __________ .
a) Lithosphere
b) Hydrosphere
c) Biosphere
d) All of the above
Ans. d) All of the above
33. Environment consist of ________ .
a) Lithosphere
b) Hydrosphere
c) Biosphere
d) All of the above
Ans. d) All of the above
34. Lithosphere, Hydrosphere, Biosphere and atmosphere from _____________ .
a) Environment
b) Pollution
c) Pollutant
d) None of the above
Ans. a) Environment
35. The refrigeration industries contribute one of following gas which adds to green house effect.
a) Chloro fluoro carbon [CFC]
b) Chloro fluoro chloride [CFCI]
c) Chloro fluoro carbonate [CFC]
d) None of the above
Ans. a) Chloro fluoro carbon [CFC]
36. CFC, if added at a particular level of atmosphere affects ozone layer. Name the level
a) Higher level
b) Middle level
c) Lower level
d) None of them
Ans. a) Higher level
37. Due to acid rain , how pH of soil gets affected ?
a) pH decreases
b) pH increases
c) pH is unaffected
d) None of the above
Ans. a) pH decreases
38. Which of the following term describes rise in temperature of the atmosphere due to green house gases ?
a) Paradoxical warming
b) Global warming
c) Sun stroke
d) None of the above
Ans. b) Global warming
39. Due to global warming, there is melting of snow in Artic region. During 100 years i.e. 1901 to 2001 how much is approximate average rise in sea level.
a) 2 cms
b) 10 cms
c) 20 cms
d) None of the above
Ans. b) 10 cms
40. When SO2 , HNO3 , and HCL are released from chemical industries, if these mix with Rainfall/ moisture in atmosphere which of the following effect occurs ?
a) Acid Rain
b) Green House effect
c) Global warming
d) None of the above
Ans. a) Acid Rain
41. Due to acid rain, how fertility of soil gets affected ?
a) Soil gets more fertile
b) Soil remains unaffected
c) Fertility of soil reduces
d) None of the above
Ans. c) Fertility of soil reduces
42. Ozonosphere is a separate layer in stratosphere, at a height of _______ .
a) 10-20 kms from sea level
b) 15-30 kms from sea level
c) 30-40 kms from sea level
d) None of the above
Ans. b) 15-30 kms from sea level
43. One chlorine atom is estimated to destroy up to how many ozone molecules approximately ?
a) About 1 lakh
b) About 2 lakh
c) More than 5 lakh
d) None of the above
Ans. b) About 1 lakh
44. Chloro Fluoro Carbons dissociate giving out toxic substances. Which of the following is mainly responsible for depletion of ozone layer.
a) Fluorine
b) Chlorine atoms
c) Carbon atoms
d) None of the above
Ans. b) Chlorine atoms
45. Which of the following radiations from sun are absorbed by ozone gas ?
a) U.V. radiation
b) α radiation
c) Gamma radiation
d) None of the above
Ans. a) UV radiation
46. Which of the following helps to minimise depletion of ozone layer ?
a) If freons are replaced by halogens
b) If freons , halons both are used to lesser extent.
c) By making use of CFC.
d) None of the above
Ans. a) If freons are replaced by halogens
47. Which is the following makes it difficult to use only eco-friendly chemicals, so that ozone depletion stops/minimises ?
a) Due to their high cost
b) Due to non-availability
c) Due to lesser availability
d) None of the above
Ans. a) Due to their high cost
48. Which of the following diseases is caused to humans due to ozone layer depletion ?
a) Skin, lungs and blood cancer
b) brain tumor
c) Heart attack
d) None of the above
Ans. a) Skin, lungs and blood cancer
49. Phenomenon opposite to global warming is ________ .
a) Infra red
b) Nuclear winter
c) UV radiations
d) None of the above
Ans. b) Nuclear winter
50. Modern fusion bombs are also known as _______ .
a) Nuclear bombs
b) Explosives of H2
c) Fire extinguishers
d) None of the above
Ans. a) Nuclear bombs
51. Explosive force of modern fusion bombs is ________ .
a) 100 kilotons
b) 500 kilotons
c) >100 kilotons
d) None of the above
Ans. b) 500 kilotons
52. _________ megatons is explosive force of nuclear bombs.
a) 10
b) 500
c) 300
d) None of the above
Ans. a) 10
53. Nuclear Bombardment cause burning of __________ .
a) Wood, plastics
b) Forests, petroleum
c) Both above
d) None of them
Ans. c) Both above
54. Nuclear accidents drastically affects _________ .
a) Machine production
b) Crop production
c) Power
d) None of the above
Ans. b) Crop production
55. Nuclear accidents cause ________ of soil.
a) Reddening
b) Drying
c) Infertility
d) None of the above
Ans. c) Infertility
56. Crop productivity _________ substantially due to nuclear accidents.
a) Increase
b) Reduce
c) Will not affect
d) None of the above
Ans. b) Reduce
57. Nuclear explosions _________ for long persisting adverse effects.
a) Water
b) Sky
c) Troposphere
d) None of the above
Ans. a) Water
58. The soot emerging due to nuclear accidents gets spread to
(i) Environment
(ii) Stratosphere
(iii) Lithosphere
(iv) None of the above
Ans. (ii) Stratosphere
59. The black soot spreaded absorbs radiations.
(i) Gamma
(ii) UV
(iii) Solar
(iv) None of the above
Ans. (iii) Solar
60. The solar radiations do not reach earth at the time of nuclear accident because these areabsorbed by
(i) Fog
(ii) Smog
(iii) Soot spreaded in stratosphere
(iv) None of the above
Ans.: (iii) Soot spreaded in stratosphere
61. ____ is effected/felt, as solar radiations are absorbed by soot, cannot reach earth.
(i) Raining
(ii) Cooling
(iii) Thundering
(iv) None of the above
Ans.: (iii) Thundering
62. What happened when the Nile perch introduced into Lake Victoria in east Africa?
i. Extinction of trees
ii. Increase in the number of trees
iii. Extinction of cichlid fish
iv. Increase in the number of cichlid fish
Ans.: (iii) Extinction of cichlid fish
63. During nuclear accidents, ……. rays, reradiated from atmosphere, remain partially absorbed.
(i) UV Rays
(ii) Infrared Rays
(iii) Gamma Rays
(iv) None of the above
Ans.: (iii) Gamma Rays
64. Due to nuclear accidents a phenomenon _______to global warming occurs.
(i) Similar
(ii) Opposite
(iii) Same
(iv) None of the above
Ans.: (ii) Opposite
65. Major cause of Ozone depletion is due to which chemical ?
a. Chlorofluorocarbons
b. Polyphenols
c. Dioxins
d. None of the above
Ans.: (a) Chlorofluorocarbons
66. Transfer of energy from source of plants through a series of organism is known as ______
i. Food web
ii. Energy cycle
iii. Food chain
iv. Biological system
Ans.: (iii) Food chain
67. Nuclear accidents ……… global temperature.
(i) Increase
(ii) Lower
(iii) Multiply
(iv) None of the above
Ans.: (ii) Lower
68. The food chain from grass to hawk and again it comes back to grass with the help of fungi.In the above explain food chain, what is grass?
i. Producers
ii. Consumers
iii. Decomposers
iv. Energy source
Ans.: (i) Producers
69. The hydrosphere covers about of the ----- surface of earth.
(i) 70%
(ii) 90%
(iii) 60%
(iv) 50 %
Ans. (i) 70%
70. On what category consumers are classified into?
i. Herbivore
ii. Carnivore
iii. Omnivore
iv. All above
Ans.: (iv) All above
71. Environmental issues are discussed and solved in subject.
(i) Sociology
(ii) Economics
(iii) EVS
(iv) None of the above
Ans.: (iii) EVS
72. Civilization is major cause of _____ pollution.
(i) Environmental
(ii) Physical
(iii) Chemical
(iv) None of the above
Ans.: (i) Environmental
73. ____ is to be understood to protect environment.
(i) Quality issues
(ii) Health requirement
(iii) Environmental balance
(iv) None of the above
Ans.: (iii) Environmental balance
74. A Solar cell is an electrical device that converts the energy of light directly into electricityby the
i. Photovoltaic effect
ii. Chemical effect
iii. Atmospheric effect
iv. Physical effect
Ans.: (i) Photovoltaic effect
75. Environmental Studies:
i. is an interdisciplinary academic field
ii. methodically studies human interaction with the environment
iii. includes the natural environment, built environment, and the sets of relationship between them
iv. All of these
Ans.: (iv) All of these
76. The 4Rs principle is applicable for…
a) Public awareness
b) Environmental protection
c) Saving natural resources
d) All of the above
Answer: - d) All of the above
Explanation:-The 4Rs principle is applicable for Public awareness, Environmental protection and Saving natural resources
77. Which one of the following is an abiotic component of the ecosystem?
a) Bacteria
b) plants
c) humus
d) Fungi
Answer: - c) humus
Explanation:-Humus is an abiotic component of the ecosystem
78. Major cause of increment in population growth is...…
a) decrease in birth rate
b) decrease in mortality rate
c) Illiteracy
d) none of the above
Answer: - d) none of the above
Explanation:-decrease in mortality rate is a Major cause of increment in population growth.
79. Zone consisting air, water and soil is known as....
a) Atmosphere
b) Hydrosphere
c) Biosphere
d) Lithosphere
Answer: - c) Biosphere
Explanation:-Zone consisting air, water and soil is known as Biosphere
80. Abiotic environment does not include
a) Air
b)Water
c)Soil
d)Plants
Answer: - d)Plants
Explanation:-Abiotic environment means non-living things.
81. Physical environment is also called as…
a) Abiotic environment
b) Biotic environment
c) Man made environment
d) Psychological environment
Answer: - a) Abiotic environment
Explanation:-Physical environment is also called as Abiotic environment
82. The production of biogas from the waste is includes in...…
a) Reduce
b) Reuse
c) Recycle
d) Recover
Answer: - d) Recover
Explanation:-The production of biogas from the waste is includes in Recover
83. _____% of the Earth's surface is covered with water.
a) 20
b) 80
c) 71
d) 100
Answer: - c) 71
Explanation:-71 % of the Earth's surface is covered with water.
84. Formation of Ozone is?
a) Oxidation Reaction
b) Reduction Reaction
c) Photochemical Reaction
d) None of the above
Answer: - c) Photochemical Reaction
Explanation:-Formation of Ozone is Photochemical Reaction
85. The environment which has been modified by human
a)Natural environment
b)Anthropogenic environment
c)Modern environment
d)Urban environment
Answer: - c)Modern environment
Explanation:-The environment which has been modified by human is Anthropogenic environment
86. One of the following is not a type of environment.
a)Physical environment
b)Man made environment
c)Social environment
d)Hydrosphere
Answer: - d)Hydrosphere
Explanation:-Hydrosphere is not a type of environment.
87. Our natural environment has _____ and ______ values.
a)Qualitative and quantitative
b)Preservation and conservation
c)Utilization and recreation
d)None of the above
Answer: - a)Qualitative and quantitative
Explanation:-Our natural environment has Qualitative and quantitative values.
88. The amount of solar radiation reaching the surface of the earth is called as
a) Solar flux
b)Reflected light
c)Minerals
d)solvents
Answer: - Option B
Explanation:-The amount of solar radiation reaching the surface of the earth is called as Reflected light
89. Acid rain occurs due to dissolution of ______ in rain water
a)Gases
b)Particles
c)Smoke
d)Soot
Answer: - Option A
Explanation:-.Acid rain occurs due to dissolution of gases in rain water
90. Color of ozone molecule is
a)Pale Blue
b)White
c)Pale Yellow
d)Pale Green
Answer: - Option A
Explanation:-Color of ozone molecule isPale Blue
91. Biosphere is
a) The solid shell of inorganic materials on the surface of the Earth
b)The thin shell of organic matter on the surface of earth comprising of all the living things
c)The sphere which occupies the maximum volume of all the spheres
d)All of the above
Answer: - b)The thin shell of organic matter on the surface of earth comprising of all the living things
Explanation:-Biosphere is The thin shell of organic matter on the surface of earth comprising of all the living things
92. The portion of the earth and its environment which can support life is known as
a) Crust
b) exosphere
c) Biosphere
d) Mesosphere
Answer: - c) Biosphere
Explanation:-The portion of the earth and its environment which can support life is known as Biosphere
93. How is the atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere connected ?
a) Hydrological cycle
b) Nitrogen cycle
c) Oxygen cycle
d) Carbon cycle
Answer: - d) Carbon cycle
Explanation:-By using Carbon cycle atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere connected
94. Exchange of outgoing and incoming radiations that keep Earth warm is known as
a) greenhouse effect
b) radiation effect
c) infrared effect
d) ozone layer depletion
Answer: - a) greenhouse effect
Explanation:-Exchange of outgoing and incoming radiations that keep Earth warm is known as greenhouse effect
95. Public awareness of environment creates ----------------------
a) Environment protection
b) Environment degradation
c) Environmental improvement
d) Environmental cultivation
Answer: - a) Environment protection
Explanation:-Public awareness of environment creates Environment protection .
96. . Biotic environment includes
a) producers
b) Consumers
c) Decomposers
d) All above
Answer: - d) All above
Explanation:-Biotic environment includes producers ,Consumers and Decomposers.
97. The study of living organisms with the environment is known as ____________
A. Ecosystem
B. Environment
C. Community
D. Ecology
Answer : D. Ecology
98. High level radioactive waste can be managed in which of the following ways?
A. Open dumping
B. Composting
C. Incineration
D. Dumping in sealed container
Answer : D. Dumping in sealed container
99. The objective of environmental education is
A. Raise consciousness about environmental education
B. To teach environmentally appropriate behaviour
C. Create an environmental ethic that fosters awareness about ecological inter-dependence of economics,
social and political
D. All of the above
Answer : D. All of the above
100. Which of the following plants is extremely sensitive towards sulphur dioxide?
a) Tomato
b) Onion
c) Potato
d) Corn
Answer: a) Tomato
Explanation: Tomato is sensitive towards sulphur dioxide whereas onion, potato and corn are relatively
tolerant.
Unit 2 :- Sustainability and Renewable Resources
1. To meet the food, energy, cloth and shelter requirement _________ is used.
a) Natural Resource
b) Man made Resources
c) Both a and b
d)None
Ans.:- a) Natural Resource
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